Epistemic Angst

Sunday, March 18, 2007

Who Knows 1?

The idea that there is only one God or that other gods are false and have no super natural powers seems to appear more prominently in D than the other sources. I'm hesitant to here give definitive numbers, firstly because I can't look this up in a konkordansia and secondly because there are many border line verses. But, in any case, as far as I know, that idea never appears in JE or P (to my knowledge, would could easily be mistaken). It appears 5 times (again, that I know of, could easily be missing some) in D as follows:

Deut 4:35
אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת, כִּי יְהוָה הוּא הָאֱלֹהִים: אֵין עוֹד, מִלְּבַדּוֹ.
Deut 4:39
וְיָדַעְתָּ הַיּוֹם, וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ אֶל-לְבָבֶךָ, כִּי יְהוָה הוּא הָאֱלֹהִים, בַּשָּׁמַיִם מִמַּעַל וְעַל-הָאָרֶץ מִתָּחַת: אֵין, עוֹד
Deut 6:4
שְׁמַע, יִשְׂרָאֵל: יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ, יְהוָה אֶחָד
Deut 28:64
וֶהֱפִיצְךָ יְהוָה בְּכָל-הָעַמִּים, מִקְצֵה הָאָרֶץ וְעַד-קְצֵה הָאָרֶץ; וְעָבַדְתָּ שָּׁם אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים, אֲשֶׁר לֹא-יָדַעְתָּ אַתָּה וַאֲבֹתֶיךָ--עֵץ וָאָבֶן.
Deut 29:16
וַתִּרְאוּ, אֶת-שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶם, וְאֵת, גִּלֻּלֵיהֶם--עֵץ וָאֶבֶן, כֶּסֶף וְזָהָב אֲשֶׁר עִמָּהֶם.

There are also 4 verses in shiras haazinu which may or may not be considered part of this category.

Deut 32:12
הֵם קִנְאוּנִי בְלֹא-אֵל, {ר}כִּעֲסוּנִי בְּהַבְלֵיהֶם
Deut 32:17.
יִזְבְּחוּ, לַשֵּׁדִים לֹא אֱלֹהַּ-- {ר}אֱלֹהִים, לֹא יְדָעוּם;
Deut 32:21.
הֵם קִנְאוּנִי בְלֹא-אֵל, {ר}כִּעֲסוּנִי בְּהַבְלֵיהֶם.
Deut 32:39
רְאוּ עַתָּה, כִּי אֲנִי אֲנִי הוּא, {ר}וְאֵין אֱלֹהִים, עִמָּדִי: {ס} אֲנִי אָמִית וַאֲחַיֶּהרְאוּ עַתָּה, כִּי אֲנִי אֲנִי הוּא, {ר}וְאֵין אֱלֹהִים, עִמָּדִי: {ס} אֲנִי אָמִית וַאֲחַיֶּה

The status of shiras haazinu is unclear according to DH. It is clearly not part of JE P or D. But, it is unclear if it is a completely different source added by the redactor (unlikely) or, (more likely) another source that D Incorporated into his book. In that case, the fact that this seems to be a theme of shiras haazenu fits in well with the fact that D used this song.

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